The PXL workshop on Monitoring for Research and Innovation Strategies for Smart Specialisation (RIS3) was organized on 23rd October 2018, as part of a new series of workshops built on the peer-review methodology from the Smart Specialisation Platform. It was organised by the Smart Specialisation Platform in co-operation with MOSTA (Research and Higher Education Monitoring and Analysis Centre). The workshop bringed together national, regional and sub-regional policy makers from EU countries, representatives from the European Commission and researchers on the field. The aim was to explore the main challenges associated to the setting up of an effective monitoring system and the use of monitoring information to improve strategies' performance and future policy development.